Hoisting equipment for ships



July 19, 1966 F. LAUDAN EI'AL 3,261,475

HOISTING EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPS Filed March 31, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 //V 154/70? Fe lfpk/cw L A UOA/V GOA/THEE LA uomv July 19, 1966 F. LAUDANETAL 3,251,475

HOISTING EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPS Filed March 31, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 2mum/rues United States Patent 2 Claims. (01. 212-3 This inventionrelates to hoisting equipment for ships including jibs associated with aships derrick mast, and winches.

In the known equipment of this type, the jibs are hinged to the derrickmast and stayed by means of guys. In this arrangement, that is, with theinclination of the jib being fixed, the jib under load can only beslewed manually with the aid of guys or by additional capstan winches.In most cases, slewing of a jib is a hard task.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that the hitherto known derricksdo not permit the economical handling of a ships cargo, such as loadingand unloading.

With a derrick including two jibs it is known to facilitate theoperations towards one side of a hatch by staying one jib above thehatch and slewing the other one so as to protrude beyond the side of theship, by means of guys or preventers, and to couple the two load ropeswith the load hook. This requires two cargo winches and two experiencedwinch operators. Moreover, the radius of action of the coupled jibs islimited to 50 to 60 degrees of the ideal radius of action of 360degrees.

The known ship cranes are highly demanding on the operators, and foroperational and space reasons only one crane can be arranged between twohatches and serve only one hatch at a time.

To eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, the present inventionprovides a hoisting equipment for ships which comprises a derrick masthaving vertically spaced upper and lower transverse bar means, at leastone slewable jib mounted at one of its ends on a rotatable supportinghead arranged in spaced relationship to said mast, block means suspendedfrom said upper transverse bar means in spaced relationship to saidmast, a guy rope associated with said block means and staying said jib,a return pulley suspended from said lower transverse bar means, a guidepulley attached to the lower end of said jib generally vertically belowsaid return pulley and said block means, and a sheave-hole in the upperend of said jib, a winch associated with said jib, a load rope runningfrom said winch over said return pulley, said guide pulley, the upperside of said jib, through said sheave-hole and having hook means securedto its free end, the spacing of said block means and said return pulleyfrom said derrick mast being equal to the spacing of said supportinghead from said derrick mast, and the latter spacing being such as topermit slewing of said jib through approximately 360 degrees.

Such hoisting equipment is similar to a ship crane as regards itsapplication and for operating it no special experience is required.

Existent hoisting equipment can be reequipped so that the availablewinches, jibs and tackle and purchases can generally be used alsofurther on. The pivot bearing of the jib is substituted by a knownslewing gear which is preferably arranged so that the fulcrum of the jibis arranged laterally and, seen in the direction of the hatch to beserved, ahead of the derrick mast. The guy rope block is similarlydisplaced. The jib is provided with a sheavehole at its upper end andwith a guide roller on its upper side near its lower end. For guidingthe load rope on the upper side of the jib a channel rail may beconveniently attached to the latter. The return roller is shifted to aice cross bar of the mast that is arranged about halfway between theslewing gear and the guy rope block so that the centre of rotation ofthe return roller is located laterally and ahead of the mast.

The slewing gear may be operated electrically or hydraulically andoperation thereof may be effected from the winch stand.

The radius of action of the jib can be extended to 270 by the describedmeasures unless this slewing radius is obstructed by shrouds or otherequipment that cannot be removed.

Due to this arrangement it is achieved in a new construction that withthe rotatable jib supporting head being sufiiciently spaced from thederrick mast, the jib will have a radius of action of approximately360., Such a jib, which is arranged between two hatches, can fully serveboth hatches.

The radius of action of nearly 360 permits reloading operations from onehatch into the other to be effected with the ships own hoistingequipment. The route of a ship need no longer depend on the lots ofcargo in the various ports, and new possibilities of economization areopened up.

An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of exampleand with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing the arrangement of a derrickon board ship;

FIG. 2 is a front elevational view, and

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary top plan view of a ship, showing the workingrange of two derricks.

As shown especially in FIG. 3, the hoisting equipment according to theinvention comprises two jibs 2 and 3 each of which is mounted at one endon a rotatable supporting head 4. The supporting heads 4 are disposed inlaterally spaced relationship to a derrick mast 1 on opposite sidesthereof and have an associate-d slewing gear 5, which is known per se,for slewing the jib 2 or 3, respectively. Each of the two jibs 2 and 3has an associated hoisting winch 6 of any known type that cansimultaneously be used for varying the inclination of the respectivejib.

From FIG. 1, which for the sake of simplicity illustrates thearrangement at the instance of only one of the two derricks, it can beseen that a load rope 7 runs from the winch 6 over a return pulley 11, aguide pulley 10 disposed generally vertically below the return pulley atthe lower end of the jib, the upper side of the jib, and through asheave-hole 9 in the upper end of the jib. A hook 8 is secured to thefree end of the load rope 7.

Almost perpendicularly above the return pulley 11 there is disposed ablock 12 with a guy rope 15 for easy adjustment of the inclination ofthe jib 3. In a preferred form of construction the jib supporting headis arranged laterally and, seen in the direction of the hatch to beserved, ahead of the mast. Due to the spacing between the mast 1 and thesupporting heads 4, which is indicated by the reference character a inFIG. 2, it is attained that a radius of action of nearly 360 can becovered by each of the two jibs 2 and 3.

Reverting to FIG. 3, it will be noted that with the jibs 2 and 3 beingarranged between two hatches 13 and 14, both these hatches can be fullyserved by each jib. Reference numerals 16 and 17 designate the two sidesof the ship between which the hatches 13 and 14 are aligned in thelongitudinal direction of the ship. Reference numerals 18 and 19indicate the radius of action of the jibs 2 and 3, respectively. It isself-evident that the two jibs 2 and 3 can also be employed with only asingle one of the two hatches 13 and 14.

As shown in FIG. 2, the return pulleys 11 and the blocks 12 areexpediently secured to vertically spaced transverse bars 20 and 21,respectively, of the mast 1.

Due to the way in which the load rope 7 is guided and to the almostvertically spaced arrangement of the guide pulley 10 and the returnpulley 11, the load resting on the bearings of the supporting heads 4 isconsiderably reduced and, consequently, slewing of the jibs 2 and 3 isfacilitated irrespective of the actual positions thereof.

To reequip existent loading facilities on board ship it will generallyprove sufiicient'to use arms or brackets to be secured to the mast,instead of the transverse bars shown. It will be appreciated that theworking radius of the jib will he more reduced the smaller the spacing abetween the mast 1 and the supporting head 4 is chosen.

The arrangement enabling heavy cargo to be handled simultaneously by aplurality of jibs, a heavy-duty boom may be dispensed with. a

The described equipment permits cargo to be reloaded from hatch 14 andvice versa without difiiculty. When the jibs 2 and 3 are not in use,they may either be placed on the hatches, as shown at 3 in FIG. 1, or befastened to the mast 1, as shown at 3 in FIG. 1, the latter solutionbeing suitable, for example, with a timber cargo placed on the shipsdeck.

The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departingfrom the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. be considered inall respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of theinvention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by theforegoing description and all changes which come within the meaning andrange of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embracedtherein.

We claim:

1. Hoisting equipment for ships comprising a derrick mast havingvertically spaced upper and lower transverse bar means, at least oneslewable jib mounted at The present embodiment is therefore to '25 oneof its ends on a rotatable supporting head arranged in spacedrelationship to said mast, block means suspended from said uppertransverse bar means in spaced relationship to said mast, a guy ropeassociated with said block means and staying said jib, a return pulleysuspended from said lower transverse bar means, a guide pulley attachedto the lower end of said jib generally vertically below said returnpulley and said block means, and a sheave-hole in the upper end of saidjib, a winch associated with said jib, a load rope running from saidwinch over said return pulley, said guide pulley, the upper side of saidjib, through said sheave-hole and having hook means secured to its freeend, the spacing of said block means and said return pulley from saidderrick mast being equal to the spacing of said supporting head fromsaid derrick mast, and the latter spacing being such as to permitslewing of said jib through approximately 360 degrees.

2. Hoisting equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jib supportinghead is arranged laterally and, seen in the direction of the hatch to beserved, ahead of the mast.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,042,222 77/1962 Lehmann 2l23 3,079,006 2/1963 Eckhardt 2123 3,106,300 10/1963Thaeter 2123 FOREIGN PATENTS 176,172 2/ 1955 Sweden.

SAMUEL F. COLEMAN, Primary Examiner.

A. L. LEVINE, Assistant Examiner.

1. HOISTING EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPS COMPRISING A DERRICK MAST HAVINGVERTICALLY SPACED UPPER AND LOWER TRANSVERSE BAR MEANS, AT LEAST ONESLEWABLE JIB MOUNTED AT ONE OF ITS ENDS ON A ROTATABLE SUPPORTING HEADARRANGED IN SPACED RELATIONSHIP TO SAID MAST, BLOCK MEANS SUSPENDED FROMSAID UPPER TRANSVERSE BAR MEANS IN SPACED RELATIONSHIP TO SAID MAST, AGUY ROPE ASSOCIATED WITH SAID BLOCK MEANS AND STAYING SAID JIB, A RETURNPULLEY SUSPENDED FROM SAID LOWER TRANSVERSE BAR MEANS, A GUIDE PULLEYATTACHED TO THE LOWER END OF SAID JIB GENERALLY VERTICALLY BELOW SAIDRETURN PULLEY AND SAID BLOCK MEANS, AND A SHEAVE-HOLE IN THE UPPER ENDOF SAID JIB, A WICH ASSOCIATED WITH SAID JIN, THROUGH SAID SHEAVE-HOLEAND HAVING WINCH OVER SAID RETURN PULLEY, SAID GUIDE PULLEY, THE UPPERSIDE OF SAID JIB, THROUGH SAID SHEAVE-HOLE AND HAVING HOOK MEANS SECUREDTO ITS FREE END, THE SPACING OF SAID BLOCK MEANS AND SAID RETURN PULLEYFROM SAD DERRICK MAST BEING EQUAL TO THE SPACING OF SAID SUPPORTING HEADFROM SAID DERRICK MAST, AND THE LATTER SPACING BEING SUCH AS TO PERMITSLEWING OF SAID JIB THROUGH APPROXIMATELY 360 DEGREES.